The Sanaag region of northern Somalia, including the Daallo Mountains and vast limestone escarpments, represents one of the Horn of Africa’s most remarkable incense landscapes. Here, Boswellia frereana grows in rocky, exposed terrain alongside other resin-producing species.
The heritage of Maydi is deeply intertwined with ancient long-distance commerce. At Xiis on the Gulf of Aden, archaeologists have recovered chunks of incense resin alongside Roman amphoras, South Arabian storage jars and Mesopotamian glazed ware, physical evidence of sophisticated trade networks operating through this coast roughly 2,000 years ago.
The Daallo Mountains near Xiis are documented as supporting Boswellia frereana alongside other frankincense- and myrrh-producing species, placing the port within one of northern Somalia’s richest natural incense landscapes.
Stewardship of these trees depends on generational harvesting knowledge. Recorded best practice for Maydi identifies the Deyreed season as the proper harvest window and calls for trees to be tapped for two consecutive years, then rested completely for a full year before harvesting resumes.